Modal verbs (intro)

A1 · Beginner · Basics

The rule

können, müssen, wollen, dürfen, sollen, mögen. Infinitive goes to the end.

How it works

Modal verbs express ability (können), obligation (müssen, sollen), permission (dürfen), desire (wollen, mögen) and necessity. They are conjugated in the sentence, while the main verb stands at the end as an infinitive without zu. Some modals change their stem vowel in the singular, and they are a frequent feature of spoken German.

When to use it

Use modal verbs (können, müssen, wollen, dürfen, sollen, mögen) to express ability, obligation or wishes.

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Adding zu before the infinitive after a modal, which German does not do.

Memory tip

After a modal, the main verb is an infinitive at the end: "Ich kann gut schwimmen."

Related grammar topics

All grammar topics · A1 grammar