Stem-changing verbs a → ä

A1 · Beginner · Basics

The rule

fahren, schlafen, laufen change in du and er forms.

How it works

Verbs such as fahren (to drive), schlafen (to sleep) and laufen (to run) change the stem vowel a to ä in the du and er/sie/es forms. Fahren gives du fährst and er fährt; schlafen gives du schläfst and er schläft. The change does not occur in the wir, ihr and sie forms, so only two of the six forms are affected.

When to use it

Use verbs like fahren, schlafen and laufen, where the vowel changes to ä in the du and er forms.

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Forgetting the umlaut in the du and er forms, for example "du fährst" not "du fahrst".

Memory tip

Fahren → du fährst → er fährt. The umlaut appears in the same two forms.

Related grammar topics

All grammar topics · A1 grammar