Zustandspassiv

B2 · Upper-Intermediate · Style & Precision

The rule

sein + past participle describes state.

How it works

The stative passive (Zustandspassiv) uses sein plus a past participle to describe the state that results from an action. Die Tür ist geöffnet describes an open door; Die Tür wird geöffnet describes the act of opening it. The distinction matters in careful writing, especially at C1 level.

When to use it

Describe the result or state of an action with sein + past participle: "Die Tür ist geschlossen".

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Using werden when the focus is on the state, not the action: "Die Tür ist geschlossen" (state) vs "Die Tür wird geschlossen" (action).

Memory tip

Action: werden. Result/state: sein.

Read the wider picture in our guide: German Verbs and Word Order: Tenses, Modals and Sentence Structure.

Related grammar topics

All grammar topics · B2 grammar