Modal verbs in full

A2 · Elementary · Cases & Verbs

The rule

Conjugation: ich kann, du kannst, er kann, wir können…

How it works

Modal verbs have irregular forms in the singular present, with no ending in the ich and er forms: ich kann, du kannst, er kann; ich muss, du musst, er muss. In the plural they take the infinitive stem: wir können, wir müssen, wir wollen. Learn the full conjugation of each modal once, because the singular forms are used constantly.

When to use it

Conjugate all modal verbs in the present tense for every person.

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Adding -st to the ich form (ich kanns) or forgetting the umlaut in wir können.

Memory tip

Modals have irregular singular forms: ich kann, du kannst, er kann, but wir können.

Read the wider picture in our guide: German Verbs and Word Order: Tenses, Modals and Sentence Structure.

Related grammar topics

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