Zu + infinitive

A2 · Elementary · Cases & Verbs

The rule

Used with many verbs; the zu sits before the infinitive.

How it works

The zu-infinitive is used after many verbs and adjectives: Ich habe vergessen, die Tür abzuschließen. Zu stands before the infinitive, and in separable verbs it goes between the prefix and the stem: aufzustehen, anzurufen. It is used with expressions such as es ist schwer, es ist wichtig and es macht Spaß.

When to use it

Use zu with the infinitive after many verbs and expressions: "Es ist schwer, Deutsch zu lernen."

Use cases

Examples

Common mistake

Placing zu before the verb in separable verbs wrongly: "anzurufen" is right, "zu anrufen" is wrong.

Memory tip

For separable verbs, zu goes inside: aufzustehen, anzurufen.

Read the wider picture in our guide: German Verbs and Word Order: Tenses, Modals and Sentence Structure.

Related grammar topics

All grammar topics · A2 grammar